| North Cascades National Park | |
|
IUCN Category Ib (Wilderness Area)
|
|
 |
|
  |
|
| Location | Whatcom, Skagit, and Chelan counties, Washington, USA |
|---|---|
| Nearest city | Bellingham |
| Coordinates | 48°42′0″N 121°12′0″W / 48.7°N 121.2°WCoordinates: 48°42′0″N 121°12′0″W / 48.7°N 121.2°W |
| Area | 684,000 acres (1,069 sq mi) |
| Established | October 2, 1968 |
| Visitors | 19,534 (in 2007) |
| Governing body | National Park Service |
North Cascades National Park is a U.S. National Park located in the state of Washington.
The park complex consists of 684,000 acres (1,069 sq mi) of the Cascade Range in four separate, yet adjoined, units: North Cascades National Park North Unit, North Cascades National Park South Unit, the Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas which are managed together with the park. Several national wilderness areas and British Columbia parkland also adjoin the National Park. The park features rugged mountain peaks. Approximately 93 percent of the park was designated as wilderness in the Washington Parks Wilderness Act of 1988, which also set aside wilderness areas in Mount Rainier National Park and Olympic National Park.
Contents |
[edit] Natural history
[edit] Glaciers
In 1971, the park had 318 glaciers with an area of 117 km² (Post et al., 1971), the most of any US park outside Alaska. All the glaciers in the park have retreated significantly from 1980-2005 and the rate is increasing. The recent warmer climate has led to more summer melting and more winter melting events, reducing winter snowpack. Several glaciers in the range have melted away in the last decade.[1] Boston Glacier, on the north slope of Boston Peak, is the largest glacier in the park with an area of 7 km². The other large glaciers (with areas greater than 2.5 km²) are:
- Redoubt (Mount Redoubt)
- Nooksack (Mount Shuksan)
- Sulphide (Mount Shuksan)
- Challenger (Mount Challenger)
- Inspiration (Eldorado Peak)
- McAllister (Eldorado Peak)
- Neve (Snowfield Peak)
[edit] Wildlife
This park is noted for its wildlife. Due to its wilderness nature, it is home to wolves, lynx, moose, wolverines, and many other rare and/or endangered species. Few grizzly sightings have been confirmed by park staff, though black bears are common. There are a gamut of mammals, avafauna, amphibians and reptiles. As a notable amphibian example, within the Rough-skinned Newt Cascade Mountains populations, approximately ninety percent of the adult population is perennibranchiate.[2]
[edit] Plants
Extreme variation, in rock and soil types, exposure, slope, elevation, and rainfall is reflected in the diverse plant life here. Eight distinctive life zones support thousands of different plant species in the North Cascades greater ecosystem. No other US National Park surpasses North Cascades National Park in the number of plant species recorded. Over 1,630 vascular plant species have been identified, and estimates of non-vascular and fungal species could more than double this number for total plant species in the North Cascades.[3]. The park contains an estimated 236,000 acres (960 km2) of old-growth forests.[4]
[edit] Geography
[edit] Attractions
Nearly all of the national park is protected as the Stephen Mather Wilderness, so there are few maintained buildings and roads within the North and South units of the Park. The park is most popular with backpackers and mountain climbers. One of the most popular destinations in the park is Cascade Pass, which was used as a travel route by Native Americans. It can be accessed by a four-mile (6 km) trail at the end of a gravel road. The North and South Picket Ranges, Mount Triumph, as well as Eldorado Peak and the surrounding mountains, are popular with climbers due to glaciation and technical rock. Mount Shuksan, in the northwest corner of the park, is one of the most photographed mountains in the country and the second highest peak in the park 9,127 ft/2,782 m.
Another interesting way to experience the park is by boat or floatplane up Lake Chelan to Stehekin. Boating, including canoeing and kayaking, as well as fishing and backcountry camping are popular on Ross Lake.
[edit] Access
Although one gravel road open to the public enters the park, most automobile traffic in the region travels on the North Cascades Highway (Washington State Route 20), which passes through the Ross Lake National Recreation Area. The nearest large town on the west side of the park is Sedro-Woolley, Washington, while Winthrop lies to the east. Chelan is located at the southeastern end of Lake Chelan.
[edit] See also
- Skagit Valley Provincial Park
- Mount Baker Wilderness
- Glacier Peak Wilderness
- Pasayten Wilderness
- Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness
- Retreat of glaciers since 1850
- North Cascades
[edit] References
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Park Service.
- ^ Glacier Retreat in the Pacific Northwest North Cascades National Park
- ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2008. Rough-skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa), Globaltwitcher, ed. Nicklas Stromberg [1]
- ^ "Plants". United States National Park Service: North Cascades National Park Service Complex. http://www.nps.gov/noca/naturescience/plants.htm. Retrieved January 13, 2009.
- ^ Bolsinger, Charles L.; Waddell, Karen L. (1993), Area of old-growth forests in California, Oregon, and Washington, United States Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Resource Bulletin PNW-RB-197, http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_rb197.pdf
- Post, A.; D. Richardson, W.V. Tangborn, and F.L. Rosselot (1971). "Inventory of glaciers in the North Cascades, Washington". USGS Prof. Paper 705-A: A1–A26.
[edit] External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: North Cascades National Park |
- Official site: North Cascades National Park
- Education: North Cascades Institute
- Guide to North Cascades National Park on Compassmonkey.com
- Glacier Research: North Cascade Glacier Climate Project reports
|
|||||||||||
